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ELECTRONIC SENSORS (OE - II)

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ES Unit 1: Sensors & Transducers: Principles, Classification, Parameters, Characteristics

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ES Unit 2: Thermal Sensors

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ES Unit 3: Magnetic Sensors

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ES Unit 4: Radiation and Electroanalytical Sensors

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ES Unit 5: Smart Sensors and Applications

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Syllabus Overview

UNIT - I Sensors / Transducers: Principles, Classification, Parameters, Characteristics

Fundamentals of Sensors and Transducers

  • Principles of Sensor Operation
  • Classification of Sensors
  • Sensor Parameters and Characteristics
  • Environmental Parameters (EP)
  • Characterization of Sensors

Electromechanical Sensors

  • Introduction to Electromechanical Sensors
  • Resistive Potentiometer
  • Strain Gauge: Resistance and Semiconductor Types
  • Inductive Sensors: Sensitivity and Linearity, Types
  • Capacitive Sensors: Electrostatic Transducer
  • Force/Stress Sensors Using Quartz Resonators
  • Ultrasonic Sensors

UNIT - II Thermal Sensors

Thermal Sensors and Thermometry

  • Introduction to Thermal Sensors
  • Gas Thermometric Sensors
  • Thermal Expansion Type Sensors
  • Acoustic Temperature Sensor
  • Dielectric Constant and Refractive Index Thermo Sensors
  • Helium Low Temperature Thermometer
  • Nuclear Thermometer
  • Magnetic Thermometer
  • Resistance Change Type Thermometric Sensors
  • Thermo emf Sensors
  • Junction Semiconductor Types
  • Thermal Radiation Sensors
  • Quartz Crystal Thermoelectric Sensors
  • NQR Thermometry
  • Spectroscopic Thermometry
  • Noise Thermometry
  • Heat Flux Sensors

UNIT - III Magnetic Sensors

Magnetic Sensors and Principles

  • Introduction to Magnetic Sensors
  • Magneto-resistive Sensors
  • Anisotropic Magneto-resistive Sensing
  • Semiconductor Magneto-resistors
  • Hall Effect and Hall Sensors
  • Inductance and Eddy Current Sensors
  • Angular/Rotary Movement Transducers
  • Synchros

UNIT - IV Radiation and Electroanalytical Sensors

Radiation Sensors

  • Introduction and Basic Characteristics
  • Types of Photoresistors / Photodetectors
  • X-ray and Nuclear Radiation Sensors
  • Fibre Optic Sensors

Electroanalytical Sensors

  • The Electrochemical Cell
  • Cell Potential and Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)
  • Liquid Junction and Other Potentials
  • Polarization: Concentration Polarization
  • Reference Electrodes
  • Sensor Electrodes
  • Electroceramics in Gas Media

UNIT - V Smart Sensors and Applications

Smart Sensors

  • Introduction to Smart Sensors
  • Primary Sensors
  • Excitation Circuits
  • Amplification and Filtering
  • Analog-to-Digital Converters
  • Compensation Techniques
  • Information Coding and Processing
  • Data Communication Protocols
  • Standards for Smart Sensor Interface
  • Automation Sensors

Applications of Sensors

  • On-board Automobile Sensors (Automotive Sensors)
  • Home Appliance Sensors
  • Aerospace Sensors
  • Sensors for Manufacturing
  • Sensors for Environmental Monitoring
ELECTRONIC SENSORS (OE - II) Notes