Representation of Algorithm - Algorithms for finding roots of a quadratic equations, finding minimum and maximum numbers of a given set, finding if a number is prime number
Flowchart/Pseudocode with examples
Program design and structured programming
Introduction to C Programming Language
variables (with data types and space requirements)
Syntax and Logical Errors in compilation
object and executable code
Operators, expressions and precedence
Expression evaluation
Storage classes (auto, extern, static and register)
type conversion
The main method and command line arguments
Bitwise operations: Bitwise AND, OR, XOR and NOT operators
Conditional Branching and Loops
Writing and evaluation of conditionals and consequent branching with if, if-else, switch-case, ternary operator, goto
Iteration with for, while, do-while loops
I/O: Simple input and output with scanf and printf, formatted I/O
Introduction to stdin, stdout and stderr
Command line arguments
UNIT II: Arrays, Strings, Structures and Pointers
Arrays
one and two dimensional arrays, creating, accessing and manipulating elements of arrays
Strings
Introduction to strings
handling strings as array of characters
basic string functions available in C (strlen, strcat, strcpy, strstr etc.)
arrays of strings
Structures
Defining structures
initializing structures
unions
Array of structures
Pointers
Idea of pointers
Defining pointers
Pointers to Arrays and Structures
Use of Pointers in self-referential structures
usage of self-referential structures in linked list (no implementation)
Enumeration data type
UNIT III: Preprocessor and File handling in C
Preprocessor
Commonly used Preprocessor commands like include, define, undef, if, ifdef, ifndef
Files
Text and Binary files
Creating and Reading and writing text and binary files
Appending data to existing files
Writing and reading structures using binary files
Random access using fseek, ftell and rewind functions
UNIT IV: Function and Dynamic Memory Allocation
Functions
Designing structured programs
Declaring a function
Signature of a function
Parameters and return type of a function
passing parameters to functions
call by value
Passing arrays to functions
passing pointers to functions
idea of call by reference
Some C standard functions and libraries
Recursion
Simple programs, such as Finding Factorial, Fibonacci series etc.
Limitations of Recursive functions
Dynamic memory allocation
Allocating and freeing memory
Allocating memory for arrays of different data types
UNIT V: Searching and Sorting
Basic searching in an array of elements
linear and binary search techniques
Basic algorithms to sort array of elements
Bubble, Insertion and Selection sort algorithms
Basic concept of order of complexity through the example programs